【维多利亚3 / VICTORIA 3】开发日志 #6 | 7/1 利益集团 （Interest Groups）

Hello once again and welcome back to yet another Victoria 3 dev diary. Where previous dev diaries have been focusing on the economy, we're now going to switch gears to another core pillar of the Victoria series - internal politics! More specifically, we're going to be talking about Interest Groups, which form the nucleus of Victoria 3's political gameplay.

大家吼啊，又见面了，欢迎来到新一期的维多利亚3开发日志。之前的开发日志主要聚焦于经济，现在我们将要切换到维多利亚系列的另一个核心支柱——国内政治！更确切地说，我们将要聊聊利益集团Interest Groups，它将会是维多利亚3政治玩法的核心。

What then, are Interest Groups? Fundamentally, an Interest Group is a collection of pops that espouse certain political views and want to change the country to be more in line with those views. Interest Groups are drawn from a number of different templates, but will vary in their exact views from country to country, based on factors such as the local religion, which social movements have appeared in the country or the personal views of their leader.

好吧，那么利益集团是啥？基本上，一个利益集团是拥护某些特定政治观点、并试图改变国家使其更符合这些观点的Pop的集合。利益集团由数个不同的模版生成，但是各国利益集团的具体观点都将会有所不同，这种差异化则是基于他们当地的宗教、社会运动、其领导人的个人观点等因素。

The Landowners is an Interest Group dominated by the Aristocracy and tends to be firmly in the conservative side of politics.

地主Landowners是由贵族Aristocracy所领导的利益集团，并倾向于坚定地站在政治的保守一侧。

As mentioned, Interest Groups are fundamentally made up of Pops - all individuals in all Pops are either members of an Interest Group or Politically Inactive, with the ratio in each based on factors such as Profession, Wealth, Literacy etc. Individuals inside Pops contribute Political Strength to their Interest Group of choice, with the amount they contribute again dependent on multiple factors, the main ones being their material Wealth and the status (and/or votes!) they are offered under the nation's power structure.

如前所述，利益集团根本上来说由Pop组成——所有Pop的每一个个体要么属于一个利益集团，要么是政治不活跃的，其比例基于职业、财富、识字率等因素。Pop内的个体为其所选择的利益集团贡献政治力量Political Strength，他们贡献的量也基于多种因素，主要的一项因素就是他们的物质财富，以及在国家权力结构中所被赋予的地位（和/或选票！）。

For example, a single wealthy Aristocrat in an Oligarchy will provide hundreds or even thousands times the political strength of a poor laborer. The total Political Strength of all Pops in an Interest Group is what gives it its level of Clout - the amount of political weight it can assert on the country and the government. It's important to note though that Pops are not unified in which Interest Groups they support - individuals within Pops are the ones who decide their Interest Group, and a single Pop can potentially have individuals supporting every Interest Group in the game (in different numbers).

举个栗子，一个在寡头政体中的富有贵族，他提供的政治力量是一个贫苦劳工的成百上千倍。一个利益集团中所有Pop的政治力量总和就是它的影响力Clout水平——它能够对国家和政府施加的政治力量。值得注意的是，Pop并不统一支持某一利益集团——Pop中的个体才是加入利益集团的决定者，一个Pop中的个体可能会支持游戏中的每一个利益集团（但人数不同）。

Some Pops have no political strength at all, usually due to being disenfranchised under the nation's laws (such as people of a religion or culture that is discriminated against, or women in countries that haven't instituted women's suffrage). These Pops are 'outside the system' so to speak, unable to demand reform through the regular political system of Interest Groups, and instead having to rely on other methods to put pressure on the government, but we won't focus on those today.

一些Pop完全没有任何政治力量，通常是因为在国家的法律下被剥夺了政治权利（例如在文化或者宗教方面受歧视的人群，或者是尚未确立妇女选举权国家中的妇女）。这些Pop可以说是“国家体制之外”的人，无法通过常规的利益集团政治系统要求改革，并且不得不依赖于其他方法来给政府施加压力，但我们今天不会聚焦于此。

Individual members of a Pop can support different Interest Groups - or stay out of politics altogether!

一个Pop中的不同个体成员可以支持不同的利益集团——或者完全不参与政治！

As mentioned above, Interest Groups have a number of ideologies which determine their views on which laws the country should or should not enact. Different Interest Groups will have different ideologies (the Landowners are significantly more conservative than the Trade Unions, for example - shocking, I know!) but these are not entirely set in stone - they can change over the course of the game and will also vary based on the current leader of the Interest Group, who comes with his or her own personal ideology and view of the world. Additionally, some Interest Groups in certain countries have unique ideologies colored by their religion and culture, such as the Confucian Scholars Interest Group in Qing China who (unsurprisingly) espouse a Confucian ideology.

如前所述，利益集团有多个意识形态，这决定了他们关于国家应该颁布哪些法律的看法。不同的利益集团有不同的意识形态（例如地主们要明显比工会成员们保守——我就知道这令人震惊！），但是这些并不是完全固定的——他们可以随游戏时间改变，并随着利益集团当前的领导人而变化，这些领导人们会有着他们自己的意识形态以及对这个世界的看法。另外，一些特定国家的一些利益集团会带有宗教和文化色彩的独特意识形态，例如大清的儒家学者Confucian Scholars利益集团（毫无意外地）拥护儒家意识形态。

Interest Groups will generally favor laws that benefit them in some way.

利益集团大体上会支持对某种程度上他们有利的法律。

I mentioned previously that Interest Groups have a level of Clout based on the total Political Strength of their constituent Pops. Clout is calculated by comparing their Political Strength to that of the other Interest Groups in the country - if all the Interest Groups in Belgium put together have 100k Political Strength and the Landowners have 30k, they correspondingly get 30% of the Clout in Belgium. The Interest Group's Clout will determine their classification - Powerful, Influential or Marginalized.

我在之前提到过，利益集团有一个影响力Clout等级，其基于全体有选举权人口的政治力量。计算影响力的方式是对比国内其他利益团体的政治力量——假如比利时所有利益集团加起来一共有100k政治力量，地主占据30k，那么地主就相应的拥有30%的影响力。利益集团的影响力将会决定他们的影响力分类——权势滔天Powerful、举足轻重Influential，或是微不足道Marginalized。

Interest Groups also have a level of Approval, which is based on factors such as how much they approve of the country's laws, whether they are in government or in opposition, and how many of their individual members are Loyalists or Radicals (more on those in a later dev diary). There are numerous other factors that can affect Approval as well, such as how you react to certain events or decisions that you take.

利益集团还有一个满意度Approval等级。无论他们在政府任职中还是在野，无论他们之中有多少人是效忠派还是激进派（我们会在接下来的日志里更详细地谈到他们），满意度等级基于利益集团对国家法律的认可程度。除此以外还有很多能影响到满意度的因素，比如你对特定事件的反应和决策。

Together, the classification and Approval of an Interest Group determines which Traits are active for an Interest Group at any given time, and how impactful they are. There are different traits, positive and negative, with positive traits being activated when an Interest Group is happy and negative ones when they are… not so happy. If an Interest Group is Powerful, the effects of any traits they have active (good or bad) are stronger, while an Interest Group that is Marginalized cannot activate traits at all, as they are too weak to exert an effect on the whole country.

一个利益集团的影响力分类和满意度，共同决定了利益集团的哪些特质Traits会生效，以及特质的效果如何。利益集团的特质各不相同，其中有积极的也有负面的，积极特质会在利益集团高兴时生效，而负面的特质就意味着他们……不那么高兴。如果一个利益集团达到权势滔天的影响力等级，任何被他们激活的特质（无论好坏）都会有更强的效果，而当一个利益团体是微不足道的，那么他们没法激活任何特质，因为他们在整个国家里的影响力实在太弱了。

Traits are, of course, not the only way that Interest Groups can affect a country, and it's even possible for one (or several!) angry Interest Groups to start a civil war, potentially bringing in foreign countries to support them.

当然，特质不仅仅是利益集团影响国家的唯一方式，一个（或者一群！）感到愤怒的利益集团甚至可能发起内战，还有可能邀请外国支援他们。

Keep the aristocracy happy, and they'll be more willing to reinvest their 'hard-earned' money into the country

让贵族保持快乐，这样他们才愿意把他们“辛苦劳动”得来的钱用来重新投资国家。

Now, something that's been a hotly debated topic in the community in regards to Interest Groups is Political Parties and whether they will be a part of Victoria 3 so I want to briefly touch on this. What I can tell you for now is that we are currently looking into a solution where parties can form in certain countries as constellations of Interest Groups holding a shared political platform. This is something that's by no means fully nailed down at this point though, so don't take this as a 100% firm commitment to how they would function. What I can tell you for sure is that we will come back to this particular topic later!

现在，我们要简短说一个玩家社区里已经激烈讨论的过的话题：利益集团是否是政党，以及政党的内容是否会出现在维多利亚3里。我目前可以告诉你们，我们目前正在寻求一种解决方案，好让政党可以在一些国家里形成，它是持有相同政治纲领的一系列利益集团的集合体。这件事还没有完全板上钉钉，所以也别把这些话当成100%确定的承诺，这个机制还不确定。但是我可以保证告诉你们，我们会在未来专门回过头来谈这个话题！

That's all for today, though we'll certainly be coming back to the subject of Interest Groups and looking at the different types you will encounter in later dev diaries. With July and summer vacations coming up, we're going to take a short break from Development Diaries, but we'll be back on July 22nd as Mikael returns to continue talking about politics in Victoria 3, on the subject of Laws.

这就是今天的全部内容，当然我们将来的日志里还会回到利益集团的主题，讨论一些其他方面的事情。随着7月暑假到来，我们的开发日志决定放一个短假，但是我们会在7月22日回来，届时将由Mikael继续为我们讲解维多利亚3中政治方面的游戏内容，到时的主题是法律Laws。

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